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Storytelling as a strategy to explore perceptions of the youth about smoking: a qualitative approach
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Portuguese League Against Cancer- Northern Branch, Portugal
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Corresponding author
C Fonseca
Portuguese League Against Cancer- Northern Branch, Portugal
Tob. Prev. Cessation 2023;9(Supplement):A135
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The aim of the study was to explore the smoking perceptions and beliefs
among the youth between 10 to 18 years old by analyzing 3 8 stories written by students
from 16 different schools in the activity "Creative Writing" held by Portuguese League
Against Cancer- Northern Branch.
Material and Methods:
We performed a qualitative study where the stories written by the youth were
systematically analyzed to identify key themes spontaneously mentioned by the
participants. We also conducted 2 online focus groups with teachers, to identify their
insights and its content was also explored by Thematic Analysis (TA).
Results:
According to TA, 47% (N = 18) of the stories identifies tobacco risk factors
(e.g., cancer and lung diseases) and 24% (N = 9) adopted an historical approach of tobacco
assuming a social and cultural perspective (e.g., comparing smoking restrictions over the
years). Also, 58% (N = 22) of the stories contained misconceptions about tobacco use
(e.g., all smokers have cancer and die).
Analyzing online focus groups, we found that teachers believe that their students have
lots of misconceptions and that the younger students have higher negative attitudes
towards smoking then later adolescents. Besides, we found that the strategies that are
being implemented may not be the most efficient as they are not being translated into
realistic knowledge about smoking which can jeopardize tobacco prevention.
Conclusions:
The TA allowed us to understand that these youth have lots of misconceptions. Also, many topics were not explored in stories as expected (e.g. different
types of smoking products,other tobacco's hanns, etc.). Despite almost half o the stories
identified risk factors, they only mention the basics (e.g., cancer). The storie never reflected
the importance of soft skills as self-esteem, self-confidence and decision making strategies (e.g., saying no) to smoking prevention, as academics about smoking advocates. All of this can be related to the lack of (effective) tobacco control interventions.
But by knowing the actual perceptions of the students towards this topic, by developin
collaborative work with the teachers, by being supported by health literacy strategies, b taking into consideration the developmental stage of the youth, future interventions ca be improved.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.