SILNE-R aims to evaluate how tobacco control policies can be implemented in such a way as to maximally contribute to a reduction in youth smoking in Europe. Previous evaluations basically assessed whether or not a policy was effective and cost-effective. Often, it remained unclear how some programs achieve these observed effects, or why others failed to do so. The black box remained closed. SILNE-R aims to open it. For this, we will perform in-depth analyses of the implementation and effectiveness of several policies in Finland, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and Portugal. We will (a) have in-depth interviews with policy makers at national and local levels, school staff, and pupils, (b) carry out the second wave of an interview survey among more than 12,000 pupils, and (c) prepare program cost inventories and produce cost-effectiveness estimates. Based on the results, we develop and disseminate recommendations on how to implement strategies to prevent youth smoking in local settings, with due attention for program costs and for inequalities in smoking.