CONFERENCE PROCEEDING
Electronic waste from e-cigarettes with and without nicotine. Are we moving in the right direction?
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1
Clinic Respiratory Institute, Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, Spain
2
General Hospital Mount Sinai, Guayaquil, Ecuador
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Tob. Prev. Cessation 2023;9(Supplement):A124
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
We are facing a new type of waste from electronic cigarettes (e-cigs). With or
without nicotine models, they are biohazard and electronic waste (e-waste). As of
February 2023, more than 17,000 devices capable of nicotine release are legally
marketable in Spain. This list is updated monthly. Many of them are fully disposable
generating worrying volumes of e-waste. They should be treated as toxic waste
because they are sources of contamination by batteries and metals such as
aluminum, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, silver, tin and zinc.
Copper is a potentially cytotoxic metal. Other potentially toxic additional materials are
nozzles, rubber stoppers and plastic capsules. This type of waste is capable of
producing aggressive leachates that exceed US regulatory thresholds for hazardous
waste designation by up to 10 times. We do not have complete records to know the
volume of sales of such devices and how they are discarded.
Our aim is to describe the elements that make up e-cigs even without nicotine, for a
better understanding of its disposal.
Material and Methods:
We bought various disposable e-cigs with and without nicotine at online and physical
stores in Barcelona, Spain. Then disassemble them and classify and weigh their
compounds.
Results:
In all of them we found a large amount of waste. The commercial presentation is a
cardboard box with striking colors and motifs. Inside we find an airtight plastic
envelope that contains the device and silicone covers that close the air inlet and the
suction nozzle. Its capacities range from 600 to 10,000 puffs. The basic structure of
the device is a metal or plastic body, and its ends have plastic plugs, which
functioned as a mouthpiece and air inlet.
All studied devices have a 3.7V battery. with capacities from 500-550 mA/h. or more
(in devices with a greater number of puffs, the battery can be recharged before
completely disposing of the device). A plastic reservoir filled with 2ml. to 20ml. of
liquid. In most of the devices, it is observed that the inhaled airflow comes into direct
contact with the battery body and then reaches a resistive wire that, forming a spiral,
heats up to vaporize the liquid content inside the reservoir. Another component
present in all cases is a switch that controls the power supply to the coil. It is located
near the air inlet, and is activated spontaneously by the user's inspiration.
Conclusions:
The disassembly of each unit studied required a lot of time. It can be very complex to
separate and properly process its different components on a large scale.
Although there is a Spanish regulation for the disposal of e-waste, in our opinion, the
high volume of devices does not allow controlling the environmental risk, so we
believe that it could be more beneficial to definitively prohibit their sale.
We are very concerned about the “nicotine-free” devices. Most, if not all, are
marketed with child-appealing colors, motifs, and flavors. In our opinion, even
without addictive compounds, they could become a "normalizing" mechanism for
future vaping and smoking. Especially in young people, it could facilitate acceptance
behaviors of e-cigs with nicotine and even combustion cigarettes.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors declare that an interest conflict does not exist.